Nigerians rejoice as UK Supreme Court Upholds Nigeria’s Right to Recover £44.2 Million Legal Costs in P&ID Case.
The United Kingdom Supreme Court has dismissed an appeal by Process & Industrial Developments Limited (P&ID), affirming that Nigeria can recover its legal costs in pounds sterling (GBP) rather than naira (NGN) after successfully overturning a multi-billion-dollar arbitral award.
Delivering judgment on 22 October 2025, a panel led by Lord Reed, President of the Supreme Court, unanimously upheld previous rulings by the Commercial Court and Court of Appeal, which held that costs should be paid in the same currency in which they were incurred.
The case stemmed from Nigeria’s successful challenge to two arbitral awards worth over US$11 billion (including interest), which the Commercial Court ruled in 2023 had been “procured by fraud.” Nigeria had spent about £44.2 million in legal fees—billed and paid in sterling through 116 invoices between November 2019 and November 2024.
P&ID argued that the costs should be paid in naira, claiming that paying in pounds would give Nigeria a “windfall” due to the naira’s depreciation since 2023. But the Supreme Court rejected the argument, ruling that “as Nigeria had incurred liability and made payments in sterling, the court ought to make a costs order in sterling.”
In a joint judgment by Lord Hodge and Lady Simler, the Court clarified that costs are a statutory indemnity for litigation expenses, not compensation for loss, and warned that P&ID’s position would lead to “disproportionate and expensive satellite litigation.”
The Court reaffirmed that legal costs are to be awarded in the currency in which they were billed and paid unless there are exceptional circumstances. It dismissed P&ID’s appeal and ordered the company to pay Nigeria’s costs on a standard basis.
The decision marks another major victory for Nigeria in its long-running legal battle with P&ID, following the country’s 2023 success in overturning the fraudulent US$11 billion arbitration award.
The United Kingdom Supreme Court has dismissed an appeal by Process & Industrial Developments Limited (P&ID), affirming that Nigeria can recover its legal costs in pounds sterling (GBP) rather than naira (NGN) after successfully overturning a multi-billion-dollar arbitral award.
Delivering judgment on 22 October 2025, a panel led by Lord Reed, President of the Supreme Court, unanimously upheld previous rulings by the Commercial Court and Court of Appeal, which held that costs should be paid in the same currency in which they were incurred.
The case stemmed from Nigeria’s successful challenge to two arbitral awards worth over US$11 billion (including interest), which the Commercial Court ruled in 2023 had been “procured by fraud.” Nigeria had spent about £44.2 million in legal fees—billed and paid in sterling through 116 invoices between November 2019 and November 2024.
P&ID argued that the costs should be paid in naira, claiming that paying in pounds would give Nigeria a “windfall” due to the naira’s depreciation since 2023. But the Supreme Court rejected the argument, ruling that “as Nigeria had incurred liability and made payments in sterling, the court ought to make a costs order in sterling.”
In a joint judgment by Lord Hodge and Lady Simler, the Court clarified that costs are a statutory indemnity for litigation expenses, not compensation for loss, and warned that P&ID’s position would lead to “disproportionate and expensive satellite litigation.”
The Court reaffirmed that legal costs are to be awarded in the currency in which they were billed and paid unless there are exceptional circumstances. It dismissed P&ID’s appeal and ordered the company to pay Nigeria’s costs on a standard basis.
The decision marks another major victory for Nigeria in its long-running legal battle with P&ID, following the country’s 2023 success in overturning the fraudulent US$11 billion arbitration award.
Nigerians rejoice as UK Supreme Court Upholds Nigeria’s Right to Recover £44.2 Million Legal Costs in P&ID Case.
The United Kingdom Supreme Court has dismissed an appeal by Process & Industrial Developments Limited (P&ID), affirming that Nigeria can recover its legal costs in pounds sterling (GBP) rather than naira (NGN) after successfully overturning a multi-billion-dollar arbitral award.
Delivering judgment on 22 October 2025, a panel led by Lord Reed, President of the Supreme Court, unanimously upheld previous rulings by the Commercial Court and Court of Appeal, which held that costs should be paid in the same currency in which they were incurred.
The case stemmed from Nigeria’s successful challenge to two arbitral awards worth over US$11 billion (including interest), which the Commercial Court ruled in 2023 had been “procured by fraud.” Nigeria had spent about £44.2 million in legal fees—billed and paid in sterling through 116 invoices between November 2019 and November 2024.
P&ID argued that the costs should be paid in naira, claiming that paying in pounds would give Nigeria a “windfall” due to the naira’s depreciation since 2023. But the Supreme Court rejected the argument, ruling that “as Nigeria had incurred liability and made payments in sterling, the court ought to make a costs order in sterling.”
In a joint judgment by Lord Hodge and Lady Simler, the Court clarified that costs are a statutory indemnity for litigation expenses, not compensation for loss, and warned that P&ID’s position would lead to “disproportionate and expensive satellite litigation.”
The Court reaffirmed that legal costs are to be awarded in the currency in which they were billed and paid unless there are exceptional circumstances. It dismissed P&ID’s appeal and ordered the company to pay Nigeria’s costs on a standard basis.
The decision marks another major victory for Nigeria in its long-running legal battle with P&ID, following the country’s 2023 success in overturning the fraudulent US$11 billion arbitration award.
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